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iation Safety Officer Course Module 1.3 – Radiation Sources
PART 1
BASIC KNOWLEDGE
MODULE 1.3
RADIATION SOURCES
CONTENTS
OVERVIEW.................................................................................................... 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES ............................................................................. 1
1. RADIOACTIVITY AND RADIOACTIVE DECAY ................................... 2
2. IONIZING RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE DECAY ........................ 2
2.1. Quantities and Units............................................................................. 2
2.2. Types of Ionizing Radiation .................................................................. 2
2.2.1 Alpha particles .............................................................................. 2
2.2.2 Beta particles ................................................................................ 3
2.2.3 Gamma rays.................................................................................. 3
2.2.4 Positrons ...................................................................................... 3
2.2.5 X-rays .......................................................................................... 3
2.2.6 Neutrons....................................................................................... 3
2.2.7 Summary of the properties of each type of ionizing radiation ............. 3
SELF-CHECK 1 .............................................................................................. 4
2.3. Using the Chart of Nuclides to Find Decay Modes .................................. 5
2.4. Modes of Radioactive Decay................................................................. 6
2.4.1 Alpha emission ............................................................................. 6
2.4.2 Beta emission................................................................................ 6
2.4.3 Gamma ray emission ..................................................................... 7
2.4.3.1 Isomeric transition ............................................................ 8
2.4.4 Positron emission .......................................................................... 8
2.4.5 X-ray emission.............................................................................. 9
2.4.6 Internal conversion ........................................................................ 9
2.4.7 Electron capture ............................................................................ 9
2.4.8 Neutron emission ........................................................................ 10
2.5 Summary of Radioactive Decay Modes................................................ 10
SELF-CHECK 2 ............................................................................................ 11
3. DECAY CONSTANT, ACTIVITY AND HALF-LIFE .............................. 12
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre – Biomedical Physics Department i
PART 1
BASIC KNOWLEDGE
MODULE 1.3
RADIATION SOURCES
CONTENTS
OVERVIEW.................................................................................................... 1
LEARNING OBJECTIVES ............................................................................. 1
1. RADIOACTIVITY AND RADIOACTIVE DECAY ................................... 2
2. IONIZING RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE DECAY ........................ 2
2.1. Quantities and Units............................................................................. 2
2.2. Types of Ionizing Radiation .................................................................. 2
2.2.1 Alpha particles .............................................................................. 2
2.2.2 Beta particles ................................................................................ 3
2.2.3 Gamma rays.................................................................................. 3
2.2.4 Positrons ...................................................................................... 3
2.2.5 X-rays .......................................................................................... 3
2.2.6 Neutrons....................................................................................... 3
2.2.7 Summary of the properties of each type of ionizing radiation ............. 3
SELF-CHECK 1 .............................................................................................. 4
2.3. Using the Chart of Nuclides to Find Decay Modes .................................. 5
2.4. Modes of Radioactive Decay................................................................. 6
2.4.1 Alpha emission ............................................................................. 6
2.4.2 Beta emission................................................................................ 6
2.4.3 Gamma ray emission ..................................................................... 7
2.4.3.1 Isomeric transition ............................................................ 8
2.4.4 Positron emission .......................................................................... 8
2.4.5 X-ray emission.............................................................................. 9
2.4.6 Internal conversion ........................................................................ 9
2.4.7 Electron capture ............................................................................ 9
2.4.8 Neutron emission ........................................................................ 10
2.5 Summary of Radioactive Decay Modes................................................ 10
SELF-CHECK 2 ............................................................................................ 11
3. DECAY CONSTANT, ACTIVITY AND HALF-LIFE .............................. 12
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre – Biomedical Physics Department i
